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                    使用Intl包
            
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                    Element和BuildContext
            
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                    Flutter从启动到显示
            
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                                <h1 id="dart&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x53CA;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;">Dart&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x53CA;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;</h1>
<h2 id="dart&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;">Dart&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;</h2>
<p>&#x5728;Java&#x548C;OC&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x4E14;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x7EC8;&#x6B62;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5728;Dart&#x6216;JavaScript&#x4E2D;&#x5219;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#xFF0C;&#x7A76;&#x5176;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x548C;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;Java&#x548C;OC&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x591A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#xFF0C;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x4E14;&#x6CA1;&#x88AB;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5C31;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x4F46;Dart&#x548C;JavaScript&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x5F88;&#x76F8;&#x4F3C;(&#x4F46;&#x6709;&#x533A;&#x522B;)&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;Dart&#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x5F20;&#x56FE;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#x770B;dart&#x5927;&#x81F4;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x539F;&#x7406;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p><img src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/flutterchina/flutter-in-action/docs/imgs/both-queues.png" alt="both-queues"></p>
<p>Dart &#x5728;&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x662F;&#x4EE5;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x6765;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x201C;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x201D;  <strong>microtask queue</strong>&#xFF0C;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EB;&#x505A;&#x201C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x201D; <strong>event queue</strong>&#x3002;&#x4ECE;&#x56FE;&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7EA7;&#x9AD8;&#x4E8E;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6765;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;Dart&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0A;&#x56FE;&#x4E2D;&#x6240;&#x793A;&#xFF0C;&#x5165;&#x53E3;&#x51FD;&#x6570; main() &#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x4FBF;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x4F1A;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x5148;&#x8FDB;&#x5148;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x9010;&#x4E2A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x540E;&#x4FBF;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x53BB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x6B64;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x5F80;&#x590D;&#xFF0C;&#x751F;&#x751F;&#x4E0D;&#x606F;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;Dart&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x90FD;&#x5728;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;IO&#x3001;&#x8BA1;&#x65F6;&#x5668;&#x3001;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;&#x3001;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x7ED8;&#x5236;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x6765;&#x6E90;&#x4E8E;Dart&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5C11;&#xFF0C;&#x4E4B;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5982;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x4F18;&#x5148;&#x7EA7;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x603B;&#x548C;&#x5C31;&#x8D8A;&#x4E45;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5EF6;&#x8FDF;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x8D8A;&#x4E45;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;GUI&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x6700;&#x76F4;&#x89C2;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x73B0;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5361;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5F97;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x592A;&#x957F;&#x3002;&#x503C;&#x5F97;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>Future.microtask(&#x2026;)</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5411;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F;<strong>&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;</strong>&#x7684;&#x540E;&#x7EED;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<h2 id="flutter&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;">Flutter&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;</h2>
<p>Dart&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>try/catch/finally</code>&#x6765;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5757;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x548C;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BFB;&#x8005;&#x4E0D;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x67E5;&#x770B;Dart&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x8D58;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x770B;Flutter&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="flutter&#x6846;&#x67B6;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;">Flutter&#x6846;&#x67B6;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;</h3>
<p>Flutter &#x6846;&#x67B6;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4E3E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E03;&#x5C40;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x8D8A;&#x754C;&#x6216;&#x4E0D;&#x5408;&#x89C4;&#x8303;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Flutter&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5F39;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x754C;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;Flutter&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5728;&#x6267;&#x884C;build&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7684;&#x6E90;&#x7801;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token metadata symbol">@override</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">performRebuild</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
 <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
  <span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">//&#x6267;&#x884C;build&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;  </span>
    built <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">build</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">e</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token comment">// &#x6709;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x65F6;&#x5219;&#x5F39;&#x51FA;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x63D0;&#x793A;  </span>
    built <span class="token operator">=</span> ErrorWidget<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">builder</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">_debugReportException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&apos;building $this&apos;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">,</span> stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span> 
  <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Flutter&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x662F;&#x5F39;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;ErrorWidget&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x60F3;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x5E76;&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x5230;&#x62A5;&#x8B66;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x505A;&#xFF1F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;<code>_debugReportException()</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart">FlutterErrorDetails <span class="token function">_debugReportException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
  String context<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token keyword">dynamic</span> exception<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  StackTrace stack<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  InformationCollector informationCollector
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token comment">//&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x8BE6;&#x60C5;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;  </span>
  <span class="token keyword">final</span> FlutterErrorDetails details <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">FlutterErrorDetails</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    exception<span class="token punctuation">:</span> exception<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    stack<span class="token punctuation">:</span> stack<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token keyword">library</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">&apos;widgets library&apos;</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    context<span class="token punctuation">:</span> context<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    informationCollector<span class="token punctuation">:</span> informationCollector<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token comment">//&#x62A5;&#x544A;&#x9519;&#x8BEF; </span>
  FlutterError<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">reportError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token keyword">return</span> details<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>FlutterError.reportError</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x8DDF;&#x8E2A;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart">
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">reportError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>FlutterErrorDetails details<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
  <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>onError <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token function">onError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">//&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E86;onError&#x56DE;&#x8C03;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;<code>onError</code>&#x662F;<code>FlutterError</code>&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5; <code>dumpErrorToConsole</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x6E05;&#x6670;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x60F3;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  FlutterError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>onError <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>FlutterErrorDetails details<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">reportError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
 <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;Flutter&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x3002;</p>
<h3 id="&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x4E0E;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6536;&#x96C6;">&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x4E0E;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6536;&#x96C6;</h3>
<p>&#x5728;Flutter&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;Flutter&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7A7A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x3001;Future&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x3002;&#x5728;Dart&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x5206;&#x4E24;&#x7C7B;&#xFF1A;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x548C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>try/catch</code>&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x5219;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x9EBB;&#x70E6;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x662F;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x4E0D;&#x4E86;<code>Future</code>&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x7684;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token keyword">try</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    Future<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delayed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">Duration</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seconds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span> Future<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;xxx&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">e</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>Dart&#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>runZoned(...)</code> &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7ED9;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;Zone&#x3002;Zone&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x8BFB;&#x8005;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C06;Zone&#x7C7B;&#x6BD4;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6C99;&#x7BB1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x6C99;&#x7BB1;&#x7684;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x662F;&#x9694;&#x79BB;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x6C99;&#x7BB1;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x3001;&#x62E6;&#x622A;&#x6216;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;Zone&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x3001;Timer&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x3001;&#x5FAE;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;Zone&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x672A;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x3002;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x770B;<code>runZoned(...)</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart">R runZoned<span class="token operator">&lt;</span>R<span class="token operator">&gt;</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>R <span class="token function">body</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    Map zoneValues<span class="token punctuation">,</span> 
    ZoneSpecification zoneSpecification<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    Function onError<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><p>zoneValues: Zone &#x7684;&#x79C1;&#x6709;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;<code>zone[key]</code>&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x4E3A;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x201C;&#x6C99;&#x7BB1;&#x201D;&#x7684;&#x79C1;&#x6709;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>zoneSpecification&#xFF1A;Zone&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x62E6;&#x622A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3E;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p>&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x662F;&#x62E6;&#x622A;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x8C03;&#x7528;<code>print</code>&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  <span class="token function">runZoned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token function">runApp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">MyApp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> zoneSpecification<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ZoneSpecification</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
      print<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Zone self<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ZoneDelegate parent<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Zone zone<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String line<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        parent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>zone<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">&quot;Intercepted: $line&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x4E00;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;APP&#x4E2D;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x8C03;&#x7528;<code>print</code>&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x62E6;&#x622A;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x5230;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x672A;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x548C;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x3002;ZoneSpecification&#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#xFF0C;&#x8BFB;&#x8005;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x67E5;&#x770B;API&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>onError&#xFF1A;Zone&#x4E2D;&#x672A;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x8005;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;onError&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>ZoneSpecification.handleUncaughtError</code>&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;zone&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;error-zone&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;error-zone&#x4E2D;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x672A;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;(&#x65E0;&#x8BBA;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5F02;&#x6B65;)&#x65F6;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x8005;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x56DE;&#x8C03;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token function">runZoned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">runApp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">MyApp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> onError<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> StackTrace stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">var</span> details<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token function">makeDetails</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span>stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">reportError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x4E00;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;<code>FlutterError.onError</code>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;Flutter&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x4E86;&#xFF01;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;error-zone&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x8DE8;&#x8D8A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;error-zone&#x7684;&#x8FB9;&#x754C;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60F3;&#x8DE8;&#x8D8A;error-zone&#x8FB9;&#x754C;&#x53BB;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5171;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x201C;&#x6E90;&#x201D;zone&#x6765;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token keyword">var</span> future <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Future<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">499</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">runZoned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">var</span> future2 <span class="token operator">=</span> future<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token string">&quot;error in first error-zone&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token function">runZoned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">var</span> future3 <span class="token operator">=</span> future2<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">catchError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;Never reached!&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> onError<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;unused error handler&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> onError<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token function">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;catches error of first error-zone.&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="&#x603B;&#x7ED3;">&#x603B;&#x7ED3;</h3>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x7684;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x6355;&#x83B7;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;</p>
<pre class="language-"><code class="lang-dart"><span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">collectLog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>String line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span> <span class="token comment">//&#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">reportErrorAndLog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>FlutterErrorDetails details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span> <span class="token comment">//&#x4E0A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x548C;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x903B;&#x8F91;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

FlutterErrorDetails <span class="token function">makeDetails</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> StackTrace stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token comment">// &#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
  FlutterError<span class="token punctuation">.</span>onError <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>FlutterErrorDetails details<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token function">reportErrorAndLog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
  <span class="token function">runZoned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token operator">&gt;</span> <span class="token function">runApp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">MyApp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    zoneSpecification<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token function">ZoneSpecification</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
      print<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Zone self<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ZoneDelegate parent<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Zone zone<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String line<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token function">collectLog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>line<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// &#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;</span>
      <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
    onError<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Object obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> StackTrace stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
      <span class="token keyword">var</span> details <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">makeDetails</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">,</span> stack<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
      <span class="token function">reportErrorAndLog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>details<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
  <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre>

                                
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